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    • Unlike the Mapo Apartments citizens

    2018-11-12

    Unlike the Mapo Apartments, citizens’ apartments, such as Pungjeon, Heohyeon Sibeom (model), and Hyochang apartments, were constructed in the poor districts downtown of Seoul. Since the purpose of constructing the Citizens’ Apartments was to construct as many apartments as possible at minimum construction costs, the plans for the complexes and buildings were poor. In addition, since citizens’ apartments were mainly developed at the feet of the mountains, which are public lands around the downtown area; they GSK2118436 greatly affect the landscape of Seoul (Kang et al., 1999). However, unlike large-scale, uniform, flat-type apartment complexes, diverse types of apartments with diverse stories and plans were attempted when those apartments were constructed.
    Analysis of types of courtyard apartments constructed in the 1960–1970s The survey is conducted by using three classification criteria, which are deemed appropriate among the items classified by the previous research. The criteria include the type of courtyard, layout of buildings, and access type (depending on corridor and stairs). Sixteen cases, which were identified by previous studies, were initially investigated. We surveyed approximately 30 cases that are analogous to the courtyard apartment type, and we found 13 cases with a courtyard apartment type. Physical characteristics were assessed through observation and photographs, and other features were examined through interviews with real estate agents and residents. We also classified the types of apartment houses that were studied using previous research methods. Table 1 shows the survey and classification results. The most important criterion to classify the types of courtyard apartments is the placement of buildings. The first type of classification is a complex-type placement with a flat-type residential building, such as Inwang, Yongsan-gu Sibeom (model), Daegwang Mansion, and Sky apartments. The second type is the small-scale and single-building type that includes a courtyard; examples are Hyundai Ahyeon and Namahyeon apartments. The third type is the open courtyard type in which the ᆮ- or ᆯ-shaped residential building is surrounded by the topography or buildings to form a courtyard; examples are Jeong-dong and Heohyeon apartments.
    Conclusion
    Introduction Backpacker tourism has been covered widely in various fields of research. Tourism studies have amassed plenty of information on the behavior, motivations, social interactions, and sub-types of backpacker tourists (Murphy, 2001; Loker-Murphy and Pearce, 1995), as well as virtuality (Paris, 2012). In management science, scholars have emphasized the importance of hostels in sustaining the global network of backpacking (O׳Regan, 2010). Others have revealed factors that increase the effectiveness of services and operations in hostels (Borovskaya and Dedova, 2014; Oliveira-Brochado and Gamiero, 2013; Musa and Thirumoorthi, 2011). Some of these scholars mention the spatial aspects of the backpacker phenomena in their works. Borovskaya and Dedova׳s work about hostels in St. Petersburg (2014) dealt briefly with the role of interior design in a hostel, whereas O׳Reagen׳s article (2010) mentioned hostels’ impact on urban spaces. Paris (2012) also negotiated spatiality, focusing on the relationship between the physical and virtual space. Timothy and Teye׳s work, entitled “Tourism and the Lodging Sector” (2009), dedicates a chapter to hostels, in which they introduced their users as well as summarized their history and most important features within a global perspective. Recent studies have applied the servicescape model (Bitner, 1992) to the study of hostels and demonstrated the developing interest among academics about the physical environment of hostels and their impact on guests (Rashid-Radha et al., 2016; Musa and Thirumoorthi, 2011). In this paper, an overview of the current hostel ecosystem in Budapest from a designer point of view is presented in three levels. First, hostels in the urban area are investigated. Their urban position is characterized with informality and instability due to economic and operational issues. Second, hostels are investigated in the architectural scale. According to data, the majority of Budapest hostels occupy downtown historic apartment buildings. These apartments show great flexibility in terms of spatial redundancy (Forty, 2000), and we discuss how these hostels can adapt to that environment. Third, the interior of the hostel dormitory room are investigated. The dormitory is an area in a hostel where enhanced privacy is highly evaluated by guests, though it is aimed at providing community experience (Rashid-Radha et al., 2016). Addressing this need is an important design challenge that is discussed in this paper. Architects can contribute to the shaping of hostels mainly on the interior level. In the final part of the paper, the Hostel Cube (HC), an experimental structure developed by the authors, is introduced. HC is an interior intervention that tries to answer the issues raised at the architectural and city levels. The HC aims to adapt to the specialties of the Budapest hostel ecosystem.