• Because the V ATPase inhibitors that have been employed

  2024-07-17

  

  Because the V-ATPase inhibitors that have been employed in these studies (including bafilomycin and concanamycin), are membrane permeant, they inhibit all the V-ATPases in the cell. This is important since it is possible that intracellular V-ATPases, in addition to those present at the plasma membra

• A contribution of V ATPase subunits specifically to phagosom

  2024-07-17

  

  A contribution of V-ATPase subunits specifically to phagosome-lysosome fusion was uncovered by Peri and Nüsslein-Volhard who described that depletion of the VO subunit a1 in zebrafish interferes with phagosome maturation in microglial LY 255283 (Peri and Nusslein-Volhard, 2008). However, loss of th

• br Materials and methods br Results

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  Materials and methods Results Discussion Numerous studies showed that Na+-K+-ATPase activity and membrane protein kinase were decreased in cardiac tissue subjected to IR (Belliard et al., 2013; Lee et al., 2013). In return, treatment that alleviated the progress of IR-related myocardial in

• Evidences have suggested that impairment of CK

  2024-07-17

  

  Evidences have suggested that impairment of CK activity contributes to inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase and H+-ATPase activities during infectious diseases, since these ATPases are dependent of ATP, as observed by Baldissera et al. [31] in fish experimentally infected by Aeromonas caviae. We observed th

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Double stranded DNA brea

  2024-07-17

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) are among the most deleterious DNA lesions that threaten genomic integrity. DSBs are generated not only by exogenous DNA-damaging agents but also by normal cellular processes such as V(D)J recombination, meiosis, and DNA replicati

• Apoptosis a major process of programmed cell death

  2024-07-17

  

  Apoptosis, a major process of programmed cell death, and in response to many chemopreventive agents (Jeyamohan et al., 2016). In general, two major signaling pathways control apoptosis, namely, a pathway mediated by cell death receptor and a pathway mediated by mitochondrion, and possible drug targe

• The levels of Mcl and FLIP are

  2024-07-17

  

  The levels of Mcl-1 and FLIP are homeostatically controlled by transcriptional and posttranslational processes. Accumulating evidence suggested that intracellular signaling molecules such as Akt are crucial to the transcription of Mcl-1 and FLIP [30], [31]. The constitutive activation of Akt is dete

• We further conducted stratified analyses to observe

  2024-07-17

  

  We further conducted stratified analyses to observe changes in enzyme levels across the periods by subgroups. Fig. 1 shows the changes in GPx levels by subgroups of age, sex, and smoking status. In all participants, GPx levels decreased when air pollution levels declined but increased after the Olym

• br Technical Note Fungal spoilage of dairy products remains

  2024-07-17

  

  Technical Note Fungal spoilage of dairy products remains a major concern for dairy manufacturers despite the use of preventive and control approaches, including the use of chemical preservatives. Among methods that are increasingly used by industries for microbial contaminant control, biopreserva

• CHZ868 mg Methods We conducted a secondary analysis

  2024-07-17

  

  Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of an extant cohort of 580 infants hylaxis, premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, and to prolong pregnancy (latency). Maternal antibiotic exposure did not include CHZ868 mg given after the time of delivery or antibiotic initiated by surgeons du

• br Introduction Androgens have been shown to regulate severa

  2024-07-17

  

  Introduction Androgens have been shown to regulate several neural functions ranging from reproduction to mood and cognitive abilities. This property starts as early as the perinatal period, which is characterized by prenatal and postnatal surges of gonadal testosterone, and continues through pube

• Based on the general structure function principle in biology

  2024-07-17

  

  Based on the general structure-function principle in biology [[19], [20], [21]], toxic oligomers are expected to have well-defined three-dimensional structures to carry out their pathological functions. A common amyloid toxicity mechanism also suggests that toxic oligomers of different amyloid prote

• Thus far a tight coupling has been

  2024-07-17

  

  Thus far, a tight coupling has been observed between mAbs that target aggregated Aβ and the occurrence of ARIA. If ARIA-E is caused by increased trafficking to and clearance of fibrillar Aβ from cerebral vessels (20), mAbs could be designed with conformationally specific epitopes selective for solub

• The importance of TARPs for AMPAR expression and function wa

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  The importance of TARPs for AMPAR expression and function was revealed initially in the cerebellum, where the lack of γ-2 in the mutant mice waggler and stargazer (stg/stg) was associated with a selective loss of AMPAR-mediated synaptic currents in cerebellar granule LiCl (Chen et al., 2000; Hashimo

• The first identified auxiliary subunit

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  The first identified auxiliary subunit, stargazin, is essential for AMPAR function in cerebellar granule neurons (Hashimoto et al., 1999). Subsequently, a family of six transmembrane AMPAR regulatory proteins (TARPs) were defined that modify channel trafficking, gating, and pharmacology (Kato and Br

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