Results of logistic regression not

Results of logistic regression (not shown) provide another perspective regarding factors associated with making the military a career. Characteristics positively associated with increased likelihood of remaining in the military for >=20 years include: older age at deployment to Vietnam (p <0.01), more years of service prior to deployment (p <0.01), the interaction between older deployment age and more years of service, and never marrying/bearing children (4.3 times more likely [p < 0.001]). By contrast, higher levels of perceived stress in Vietnam were related to a decreased likelihood of completing at least 20 years of military service.
Acknowledgements Data collection for this study was supported by the National Academy of Sciences Subcontract NAS-VA-5124-98-001(Jeanne Mager Stellman, PI) and by NIA grant R24-AG039343 (Avron Spiro & Carolyn Aldwin Co-PIs) and by a Senior Research Career Scientist award, Clinical Science Research and Development Service of the US Department of Veterans Affairs (Avron Spiro) and by a Research and Development Service award IK2 RX001832-01A2 of the US Department of Veterans Affairs (Anica Pless Kaiser). The authors express their deep appreciation to the Women\'s Vietnam Memorial Project, Inc., for its collaboration. The authors also thank other members of the Stress, Health and Aging Research Program at VA Boston. The contents do not represent the views of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.
Introduction In most populations, socioeconomic status (SES) exhibits a strong positive association with health; this relationship holds for a variety of measures of both SES and health, which speaks to its relatively universal nature (Elo, 2009). Between populations, however, the SES-health relationship is less clear, particularly with respect to the Hispanic/Latino buy Digoxigenin-11-dUTP in the United States. The Hispanic mortality paradox, as it is sometimes known, refers to the finding that Hispanics in the United States have health and mortality outcomes similar to those of non-Hispanic whites while having socioeconomic attainment similar to African-Americans (Fenelon, 2013; Hummer, Powers, Pullum, Gossman, & Frisbie, 2000; Markides & Eschbach, 2011). In many studies, Hispanics exhibit higher life expectancy than non-Hispanic whites (Arias, Kochanek, & Anderson, 2015), as well as more favorable profiles with respect to non-fatal conditions such as cancer incidence and severity, heart disease, and hypertension (Eschbach, Mahnken, & Goodwin, 2005; Singh & Siahpush, 2002). Although the earliest empirical findings demonstrated this for Hispanics as a whole, subsequent work showed that the pattern varies significantly by country of origin and place of birth (Palloni & Arias, 2004). The emergence of the panethnic Hispanic origin group has its roots in the second-half of the 20th Century (Jones-Correa & Leal, 1996); but instead of being the result of the natural development of an existing cultural identity, the formation of the official ethnic origin “Hispanic/Latino” reflected the simultaneous actions of state actors aiming to describe the origins of growing immigrant populations and social movement interests aiming to generate political legitimacy for a social group (Mora, 2014). Indeed, the speed with which the terms “Hispanic” and “Latino” entered the public lexicon of the United States partially reflects the growing population of Mexicans and Mexican-Americans in the US Southwest during the 1960s and 1970s. The implicit perception that Hispanic was synonymous with Mexican also contributed to the development of the “Hispanic Epidemiological Paradox” in the 1980s, which largely referred to evidence of the mortality experience of Mexican-Americans (Markides & Coreil, 1986). As the Hispanic population has expanded, so has the recognition of Hispanics’ internal heterogeneity. Individuals classified as Hispanic by the U.S. census and demographic surveys have origins in more than 20 countries, each with distinctive social and cultural characteristics that contribute to unique health experiences within the United States.