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br Materials and methods br
2021-12-17
Materials and methods Results Discussion According to the literature, zaprinast is a high-affinity agonist of GPR35 (Berlinguer-Palmini et al., 2013, Divorty et al., 2015, Taniguchi et al., 2006, Zhao et al., 2010). GPR35 molar equivalent has been identified within discrete regions of the n
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The timing and growth of follicles relative to follicle
2021-12-17
The timing and growth of follicles relative to follicle deviation was assessed in 49 cows (Fig. 4) that had NFWE following treatment onset and that had not already established dominance. Because day of deviation did not differ due to treatment, day of estrous cycle, or replicate, data are presented
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br Recent insights into EAAT structure
2021-12-17
Recent insights into EAAT structure/function aspects The EAATs are secondary-active transporters coupling the movement of one Glu with the symport of three Na+ and one proton and the counter-transport of one K+ [3, 4]. The transporters are trimeric assemblies of protomers that function independen
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Axons are the largest component of
2021-12-17
Axons are the largest component of WM by volume and are a significant repository of intracellular glutamate that can be releases under ischemic conditions [1,3,4,29,117]. We have recently shown that the principle route by which mature myelinated PF-01367338 release glutamate during acute ischemia i
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br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgments br Intr
2021-12-17
Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgments Introduction Hedgehog (Hh) signaling controls key steps of development in most tissues and organs of invertebrates and vertebrates (Briscoe and Therond, 2013, Ingham et al., 2011, Wilson and Chuang, 2010). The unique cellular composition and mo
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While ghrelin s role in addictive behaviors has
2021-12-17
While ghrelin's role in addictive behaviors has been most extensively explored with alcohol, ghrelin has also been implicated in biobehavioral substrates of other drugs of abuse. For example, preclinical experiments suggest that GHS-R1a blockade may improve nicotine [155,156], opioids [[157], [158],
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Many extracellular matrix ECM proteins are ligands and regul
2021-12-16
Many extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are ligands and regulators of integrin/FAK signaling and are involved in various aspects of cancer progression, including growth, survival, invasion, and metastasis (Lu et al., 2012). Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 (Tinagl1), a secreted extracell
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br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We
2021-12-16
STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We thank the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) BL18U for help with X-ray data collection. We thank Dr. Thomas F.J. Martin for providing the pcDNA3.1-CAPS-1 plasmid and Dr. Xiaofei Yang for providing the pFHUUIG_shortU6 (l309) plasmid. We thank Dr. Shun
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Several named antagonist ligands have figured noticeably in
2021-12-16
Several named antagonist ligands have figured noticeably in preclinical studies, with proved clear ability to release neurotransmitters and having efficacy in preclinical animal models. Consequently, this has encouraged ongoing research on improved agents with potency, selectivity, and better drug-l
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br Medium and long chain fatty acid receptors br Clinical
2021-12-16
Medium- and long-chain fatty NS3694 receptors Clinical studies of ω3 fatty acids Clinical studies have established that dietary intake of ω3 fatty acids should be around 4g/day for treating very high triglyceride levels (≥5.7mmol/L) [36]. Low-dose supplementation with EPA + DHA (400mg/day) or
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Obestatin increased GnRH mRNA expression in the POA being
2021-12-16
Obestatin increased GnRH mRNA expression in the POA, being the main place of GnRH synthesis (Goodman, 2015). Simultaneously, obestatin also caused a decrease in the GnRH mRNA expression in ME, without affecting the level of this peptide mRNA in AHA. A lack of differences observed in the mRNA level i
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br Introduction Verticillium dahliae Kleb is a
2021-12-16
Introduction Verticillium dahliae (Kleb.) is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that is able to infect hundreds of plant species, and causes vascular wilt disease [1], [2]. In nature, the infection of V. dahliae initiates from the germination of resting structures called microsclerotia [3]. The germina
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Prior to cellular uptake studies of compound docking
2021-12-16
Prior to cellular uptake studies of kd025 , docking simulation was performed (A). The result suggested this complex was capable of binding in the cavity of an outward open XylE. The orientation of the sugar moiety in the docked complex was similar to that of the glucose unit bound in the crystal str
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It is generally considered that elevated blood glucose due
2021-12-16
It is generally considered that elevated blood glucose due to insulin resistance is an important factor in islet compensation to high fat feeding [27]. However, we have shown recently that insulin resistance induced in mice by hydrocortisone injection provokes significant islet fluvastatin sodium re
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The patterns of Fig Fig emerge at
2021-12-16
The patterns of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 emerge at the multicellular level; their dynamics can only be understood by integrating different magnitudes and feedback loops in networks incorporating the coupling between biochemical and bioelectrical signals (see Fig. 6, Fig. 8). Interestingly, this might also be
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